|
|
|
|
 |
Please click on the first letter of the word
you are looking for.
A | B
| C |
D | E
| F |
G | H |
I | J
| K |
L | M
| N |
O | P
| Q |
R | S
| T |
U | V
| W |
X | Y
| Z
Heart attack: Damage to the heart muscle
caused when the blood vessels supplying the muscle
are blocked, such as when the blood vessels are
clogged with fats (a condition sometimes called
hardening of the arteries).
HDL cholesterol: High-density-lipoprotein
(HDL), a fat found in the blood, takes extra cholesterol
from the blood to the liver for removal. Also called
"good" cholesterol.
Hemodialysis: The use of a machine to clean
wastes from the blood after the kidneys have failed.
The blood travels through tubes to a dialyzer, a
machine that removes wastes and extra fluid. The
cleaned blood then goes back into the body.
Hemoglobin A1C test: A test that sums up
how much glucose has been sticking to part of the
hemoglobin during the past 3–4 months. Hemoglobin
is a substance in the red blood cells that supplies
oxygen to the cells of the body.
Heredity: The passing of a trait from parent
to child.
High blood glucose / hyperglycemia. Excessive
blood glucose. Fasting hyperglycemia is blood glucose
above a desirable level after a person has fasted
for at least 8 hours. Postprandial hyperglycemia
is blood glucose above a desirable level 1 to 2
hours after a person has eaten.
High blood pressure / hypertension. A condition
present when blood flows through the blood vessels
with a force greater than normal. Also called high
blood pressure. Hypertension can strain the heart,
damage blood vessels, and increase the risk of heart
attack, stroke, kidney problems, and death.
Honeymoon phase: Temporary remission of hyperglycemia
that occurs in some people newly diagnosed with
type 1 diabetes, when some insulin secretion resumes
for a short time, usually a few months, before stopping
again.
Hormone: A chemical produced in one part
of the body and released into the blood to trigger
or regulate particular functions of the body. For
example, insulin is a hormone made in the pancreas
that tells other cells when to use glucose for energy.
Synthetic hormones, made for use as medicines, can
be the same or different from those made in the
body.
Human leukocyte antigens (HLA): Proteins
located on the surface of the cell that help the
immune system identify the cell either as one belonging
to the body or as one from outside the body. Some
patterns of these proteins may mean increased risk
of developing type 1 diabetes.
Hyperglycemia: Excessive blood glucose. Fasting
hyperglycemia is blood glucose above a desirable
level after a person has fasted for at least 8 hours.
Postprandial hyperglycemia is blood glucose above
a desirable level 1 to 2 hours after a person has
eaten.
Hyperinsulinemia: A condition in which the
level of insulin in the blood is higher than normal.
Caused by overproduction of insulin by the body.
Related to insulin resistance.
Hyperlipidemia: Higher than normal fat and
cholesterol levels in the blood.
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome
(HHNS): An emergency condition in which one's
blood glucose level is very high and ketones are
not present in the blood or urine. If HHNS is not
treated, it can lead to coma or death.
Hypertension: A condition present when blood
flows through the blood vessels with a force greater
than normal. Also called high blood pressure. Hypertension
can strain the heart, damage blood vessels, and
increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney
problems, and death.
Hypoglycemia: A condition that occurs when
one's blood glucose is lower than normal, usually
less than 70 mg/dL. Signs include hunger, nervousness,
shakiness, perspiration, dizziness or light-headedness,
sleepiness, and confusion. If left untreated, hypoglycemia
may lead to unconsciousness. Hypoglycemia is treated
by consuming a carbohydrate-rich food such as a
glucose tablet or juice. It may also be treated
with an injection of glucagon if the person is unconscious
or unable to swallow. Also called an insulin reaction.
Hypoglycemia unawareness: A state in which
a person does not feel or recognize the symptoms
of hypoglycemia. People who have frequent episodes
of hypoglycemia may no longer experience the warning
signs of it.
Hypotension: Low blood pressure or a sudden
drop in blood pressure. Hypotension may occur when
a person rises quickly from a sitting or reclining
position, causing dizziness or fainting.
|
|
|
|
|
