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Lancet: A spring-loaded device used to prick
the skin with a small needle to obtain a drop of
blood for blood glucose monitoring.
Laser surgery treatment: A type of therapy
that uses a strong beam of light to treat a damaged
area. The beam of light is called a laser. A laser
is sometimes used to seal blood vessels in the eye
of a person with diabetes. See photocoagulation.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA):
A condition in which type 1 diabetes develops in
adults.
LDL cholesterol: Low-density lipoprotein
(LDL), a fat found in the blood, takes cholesterol
around the body to where it is needed for cell repair
and also deposits it on the inside of artery walls.
Also called "bad" cholesterol.
Lente insulin: An intermediate-acting insulin.
On average, lente insulin starts to lower blood
glucose levels within 1 to 2 hours after injection.
It has its strongest effect 8 to 12 hours after
injection but keeps working for 18 to 24 hours after
injection. Also called L insulin.
Limited joint mobility: A condition in which
the joints swell and the skin of the hand becomes
thick, tight, and waxy, making the joints less able
to move. It may affect the fingers and arms as well
as other joints in the body.
Lipid: A term for fat in the body. Lipids
can be broken down by the body and used for energy.
Lipid profile: A blood test that measures
total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol is then calculated from the results.
A lipid profile is one measure of a person's risk
of cardiovascular disease.
Lipoatrophy: Loss of fat under the skin resulting
in small dents. Lipoatrophy may be caused by repeated
injections of insulin in the same spot.
Lipodystrophy: Defect in the breaking down
or building up of fat below the surface of the skin,
resulting in lumps or small dents in the skin surface.
(See lipohypertrophy or lipoatrophy.) Lipodystrophy
may be caused by repeated injections of insulin
in the same spot.
Lispro insulin: A rapid-acting insulin. On
average, lispro insulin starts to lower blood glucose
within 5 minutes after injection. It has its strongest
effect 30 minutes to 1 hour after injection but
keeps working for 3 hours after injection.
Liver: An organ in the body that changes
food into energy, removes alcohol and poisons from
the blood, and makes bile, a substance that breaks
down fats and helps rid the body of wastes.
Long-acting insulin: A type of insulin that
starts to lower blood glucose within 4 to 6 hours
after injection and has its strongest effect 10
to 18 hours after injection. See ultralente insulin.
Low blood sugar / hypoglycemia. A condition
that occurs when one's blood glucose is lower than
normal, usually less than 70 mg/dL. Signs include
hunger, nervousness, shakiness, perspiration, dizziness
or light-headedness, sleepiness, and confusion.
If left untreated, hypoglycemia may lead to unconsciousness.
Hypoglycemia is treated by consuming a carbohydrate-rich
food such as a glucose tablet or juice. It may also
be treated with an injection of glucagon if the
person is unconscious or unable to swallow. Also
called an insulin reaction.
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